In this course, we will discuss : Q.1. Name two types of fibers with examples. Q.2. Give two examples each of plant fibers and animal fibers. Q.3. Why sheep, goat, yak and some other animals have a thick coat of hair? Q.4. Write the different types of fibers that form the hair of sheep. Q.5. What is the meaning of selective breeding? Q.6. The fleece of sheep is not the only source of wool. Comment. Q.7. What do you mean by rearing of sheep? Q.8. What is the meaning of sheep farming or sheep husbandry? Q.9. Whether sheep are herbivores. Comment. Q.10. What are the various steps involved in processing of fibers into wool? Q.11. What is the meaning of shearing, scouring, sorting, and clearing of burrs? Q.12. How many times, sheep are sheared in a year? Q.13. Shearing is avoided in winters. Why? Q.14. Hairs of sheep are removed during hot weather. Why? Q.15. Whether shearing hurts the sheep? Comment. Q.16. The people involved in sorting of hair may suffer from a disease. Name that disease. Q.17. What is the meaning of sericulture? Q.18. Which country is the world leader in production of silk? Q.19. Write a note on the life history of silk moth. Q.20. How many times, the silkworm shed their skin in the larva stage? Q.21. The caterpillar secretes a fiber which hardens when exposed to air. That fiber is made of which substance? Q.22. What is the meaning of cocoon? Q.23. What the caterpillars eat? Q.24. Write a note on rearing of silkworms? Q.25. How the fibers is taken out from the cocoon? Q.26. What is the meaning of reeling of the silk? Q.27. Write a few lines on health hazards in silk industry. Q.28. Silk worm is a useful insect. Comment. Q.29. Which animals wool is commonly available in the market? Q.30. For what purpose, rearing of sheep is done? Q.31. What happens if a sheep is not shorn? Q.32. Why some animal welfare activists criticize sericulture? Q.33. Write the difference between natural silk and artificial silk. Q.34. To which class, animal fiber or plant fiber, artificial silk belongs to? Q.35. Why caterpillars need to shed their skin when they grow bigger but humans do not? Do you have any idea? Q.36. Ella wanted to buy a silk frock and went to the market with her mother. There they found that the artificial (synthetic) silk was much cheaper and wanted to know why? Do you know why? Find out. Q.37. Paheli went to the market to buy sarees for her mother. She took out a thread from the edge of the two sarees shown by the shopkeeper and burnt them. One thread burnt with a smell of burning hair and the other burnt with the smell of burning paper. Which thread is from a pure cotton saree and which one from a pure silk saree? Give reason for your answer. Q.38. Why cotton garment cannot keep us as warm in winter as a woolen sweater does? Q.39. Which stage in the life cycle of silk moth is called cocoon? Q.40. Why caterpillars should not be collected with bare hands? Q.41. Name the stage next to caterpillar in the life cycle of silk moth. Q.42. Two fibers are made up of proteins. Name them. Q.43. Which stage in the lifecycle of silkworm will be affected immediately if the mulberry bush dies suddenly? Clarify with reason. Q.44. Why are the eggs of a silkworm kept below 18oC during winter? Q.45. What is the suitable temperature for an egg to hatch into a larva? Q.46. Silk is called the queen of the fibers, why? Q.47. Farmers keep the silkmoth’s eggs in a cold place, why? Q.48. Wool is obtained from which body part of sheep? Q.49. Can silk-moths fly? Q.50. Can silk-moths fly? Q.51. Someone told Paheli that an animal called ‘Vicuna’ also gives wool. Can you tell her where this animal is found? Q.52. Write down the features of silk. Q.53. Explain short the four stages of life cycle of silkworm. Q.54. You must be familiar with the following nursery rhymes? ‘Baa baa black sheep, have you any wool.’ ‘Mary had little lamb, whose fleece was white as snow.’ Answer the following: i) Which parts of the black sheep have wool? ii) What is meant by the white fleece of the lamb? + many important MCQs and Fill in the blanks.

Q.1. Name two types of fibers with examples. Q.2. Give two examples each of plant fibers and animal fibers. Q.3. Why sheep, goat, yak and some other animals have a thick coat of hair? Q.4. Write the different types of fibers that form the hair of sheep. Q.5. What are the various sources of wool? Q.6 What is the meaning of sheep Farming?

1. What are the various steps involved in the processing of fibers into wool? 2.What is shearing, scouring, sorting and cleaning of burrs? 3. What is the meaning of occupational hazards? 4. What is sorter's disease? What is the reason of this disease?

1. What is the meaning of sericulture? 2. Write a note on the life history of silk moth. 3. What is the meaning of rearing of silkworms. 4. Write a note on processing of silk.

Q.1.Why is silkworm called a useful insect? Q.2. How many times does a larva of silkworm Molt ? Q.3. Which animals wool is commonly available in the market? Q.4. For what purpose, rearing of sheep is done? Q.5. What happens if a sheep is not shorn? Q.6. Why is PETA against wool? Or Why some animal welfare activists criticize sericulture? Q.7. To which class, animal fiber or plant fiber, artificial silk belongs to? or Write the difference between natural silk and artificial silk. Q.8. Silk yarn of different textures can be prepared. Define the statement. Q. 9. Cocoon is used to obtain silk thread. How? Q.10.Define the term ‘selective breeding’. Q.11. Steps for the production of silk are given below in a jumbled order. Arrange them in their proper sequence. (d) Eggs are warmed to a suitable temperature for the larvae to hatch from eggs. (e) Fibers are taken out from the cocoon. (f) After 25 to 30 days, the caterpillars stop eating and start spinning cocoons. (a) The larvae/caterpillars or silkworms are kept in clean trays along with freshly chopped mulberry leaves. (b) Female silk moths lay eggs. (c) Cocoons are kept under the sun or boiled in water or exposed to steam. Q.12. Four different types of fibers are given to us. Out of these, two fibers (1 and 2) are obtained from plants and other two (3 and 4) fibers are obtained from animals. fiber (1) is used in filling quilts and the yarn made of fiber (2) is used in making gunny bags, The yarn made from fiber (3) is used for knitting sweaters and yarn of fiber (4) is used for weaving saris. Name the four given fibers marked 1,2, 3 and 4. Q.13. Why caterpillars need to shed their skin when they grow bigger but humans do not? Do you have any idea? Q 14. Various steps involved to obtain wool from fleece are given here. (i) Picking out the burrs (ii) Dyeing in various colors (iii) Shearing (iv) Scouring (v) Sorting Write the above steps in the correct sequence in which they are carried out.

Q.15. Ella wanted to buy a silk frock and went to the market with her mother. There they found that the artificial (synthetic) silk was much cheaper and wanted to know why? Do you know why? Find out. Q.16. Write the different types of fibres that form the hair of sheep. Q.17. Paheli went to the market to buy sarees for her mother. She took out a thread from the edge of the two sarees shown by the shopkeeper and burnt them. One thread burnt with a smell of burning hair and the other burnt with the smell of burning paper. Which thread is from a pure cotton saree and which one from a pure silk saree? Give reason for your answer. Q.18. Why cotton garment cannot keep us as warm in winter as a woollen sweater does? Q.19. Which stage in the life cycle of silk moth is called cocoon? Q. 20. Rehana went to the market with her mother to buy a silk saree for her grandmother. The shopkeeper was showing sarees of different varieties of silk but her mother wanted to take only a pure silk saree and not an artificial one. Rehana was confused that how to distinguish between a pure silk and an artificial silk saree. But her mother helped her in selecting a pure silk saree for her grandmother and she was quite elated about that. Now, answer the following questions: (a) How her mother distinguished between pure silk saree and an artificial silk saree? (b) Is the pure silk saree more costly than an artificial one? (c) What values are shown by Rehana’s mother? Q. 21. Sanjay’s father works in a wool industry. In his line of work, he does the job of sorting the fleece of sheep into fibres of different qualities. Sanjay noticed that his father and other workers who were doing the similar kind of jobs faced a number of health problems. Sanjay discussed this problem with his friends and teachers and he came to know that his father is getting health problems due to the nature of his work. Sanjay is worried about his father’s health. He advised his father to take care of their health and told him about the occupational hazards. Now answer the following questions. (a) What do you mean by occupational hazard? (b) Name the disease that workers may at risk. (c) What values are shown by Sanjay? Q.22. Explain the process of obtaining silk. Q.23. Why caterpillars should not be collected with bare hands? Q. 24. Name the stage next to caterpillar in the life cycle of silk moth. Q. 25. Two fibres are made up of proteins. Name them. Q.26. Which stage in the lifecycle of silkworm will be affected immediately if the mulberry bush dies suddenly? Clarify with reason. Q.27. Write short note on silkworm. Q.28. Why are the eggs of a silkworm kept below 18oC during winter? Q. 29. What is the suitable temperature for an egg to hatch into a larva? Q.30. How many times does silkworm’s larva moult? Q.31. Silk is called the queen of the fibres, why? Q.32. Farmers keep the silkmoth’s eggs in a cold place, why? Q.33. Wool is obtained from which body part of sheep? Q.34. How do hair of certain animals help in keeping their bodies warm? Q.35. Can silk-moths fly? Q.1. Match Column A with Column B Q.2. Why do the wool fibres have greater bulk as compared to other fibres? Q. 3. Write down the features of silk. Q.4. Someone told Paheli that an animal called ‘Vicuna’ also gives wool. Can you tell her where this animal is found? Q. 5. You must be familiar with the following nursery rhymes? ‘Baa baa black sheep, have you any wool.’ ‘Mary had little lamb, whose fleece was white as snow.’ Answer the following: i) Which parts of the black sheep have wool? ii) What is meant by the white fleece of the lamb?

Q.7. Write the four stages of life cycle of silkworm and explain in short. 15 MCQs, 15 Fill in the Blanks and 5 True/False